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Gudme – the „Home of the Gods"

History Iron Age gold treasure – evoking the divine place of Gudme

The name says it all: Gudme means „home of the gods". On the Danish island of Funen lay one of the richest cult and power centres of the Iron Age – a place of gold, with a vast hall and the gods in the very soil.

Gudme (Old Norse Guðheim, „home of the gods") was a so-called central place from the 3rd to the 6th century AD – long before the Viking Age. The place-names around it already sound sacred: nearby lie a „gods’ hill" and an „elf hill". A whole sacred landscape.

A Centre of Gold

Gudme is famous for spectacular gold finds – among them the Broholm hoard, one of the largest gold treasures of the Nordic Iron Age. At its heart stood a vast hall some 48 metres long, surrounded by workshops. Here resided an elite that combined wealth, craft and cult in one hand.

The Harbour of Lundeborg

A few kilometres away, on the coast, lay the trading harbour of Lundeborg. The division of labour is telling: Gudme inland was the place of power and cult, Lundeborg by the sea the place of trade and import. Together they formed a power centre such as the North knew centuries before Hedeby and the Viking towns.

What It Means

Gudme shows: the Germanic cult needed no temple like a church. Religion, rule, craft and trade concentrated at a „central place" – a model that later sites such as Tissø carried on.

The "home of the gods"

Gudme on the Danish island of Funen is one of the most important central places of the first millennium. Its very name reveals its sanctity: Gudme means "home of the gods" – a place of cult, power and enormous wealth.

Gold in quantities

Around Gudme vast quantities of gold came to light – coins, jewellery, ingots, gold bracteates. Hardly any place in northern Europe has yielded so much precious metal from the Migration Period. Gudme was a gathering point of trade and rule.

Hall and sanctuary

At the centre stood a huge hall – seat of a powerful lord who united secular and religious power. The place names of the surroundings (Gudme, Galdbjerg, Albjerg) sound like a landscape of the gods.

The harbour of Lundeborg

To Gudme belonged the nearby trading harbour Lundeborg on the coast. Through it ran goods and gold from all of known Europe – Gudme was a hub of far-reaching networks, long before the Viking Age.

Evidence: The gold finds, the hall structures and the harbour of Lundeborg are secured by extensive excavations and detector finds (3rd–6th century).
Myth check: Gudme is a central place of the Migration Period – thus OLDER than the Viking Age. One should not hastily make it a "Viking place"; it belongs to the time before.
Sources. Gudme-Lundeborg (Funen, DK), floruit 3rd–6th c. AD; theophoric place-name Guðheim; Broholm gold hoard; great hall ~48 m; trading harbour Lundeborg. Scholarship: P. O. Nielsen et al., The Archaeology of Gudme and Lundeborg; National Museum of Denmark.

Myth-check. Gudme was not a „temple" in the modern sense – the cult took place in and around the great hall. The sacred place-names (gods’, elf, offering hill) are strong indications, but the exact rites are inferred, not described. And the abundant gold is both: an offering to the gods and the splendour of an aristocracy.

Read more with us

Tissø · Gamla Uppsala · Hedeby · The Norse pantheon.

Sources & literature

P. O. Nielsen, K. Randsborg, H. Thrane (eds.), The Archaeology of Gudme and Lundeborg (1994). National Museum of Denmark (Gudme, Broholm). Rudolf Simek, Dictionary of Northern Mythology.

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