Knowledge Archive / Festivals & Belief
A field of knowledge

Festivals & Belief

Blót and the year’s wheel, cult sites and living heathenry – belief then and now.

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Festivals & Belief

Ancestor Veneration at Yule – the Dead by the Midwinter Fire

When the nights are longest and the fire in the house is warmest, the departed draw nearer. Yule, the midwinter feast, is not only a feast of light …

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Festivals & Belief

The Old Year's Cycle Up Close

For our ancestors the year was no sheet on the wall but hard, beautiful work: to sow, to tend, to harvest, to store. The feasts sat exactly on the …

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Festivals & Belief

Ásatrú Today – Organised, Source-Critical, Alive

The old faith of our ancestors has not died out – it is being lived again. “Ásatrú”, literally “true to the Æsir”, is today the common name for …

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Festivals & Belief

The Tree as Last Companion

“Under all roots is rest.” More and more people wish, at the end, not for a cool stone but for a tree – a living place where memory keeps growing …

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Festivals & Belief

Boat Burial – the Ship for the Last Voyage

Scarcely an image is so bound up with the Vikings as the burning ship drifting out to sea with the dead. The ship was their most precious possession …

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Festivals & Belief

The Disir - Guardian Spirits of the Kin

They appear almost in passing in the old texts, yet they are everywhere: the disir, female spirits who watch over a family. Sometimes protecting …

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Festivals & Belief

The Draugr – the Walking Dead

Forget the translucent veil-ghost. The draugr of the Old Norse sagas comes back in the flesh – heavy as an ox, darkly discoloured, uncannily strong …

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Festivals & Belief

Draumar – When Dreams Foretell Fate

In the sagas of the North, no one sleeps harmlessly. A dream there is rarely a mere echo of the day, but a messenger: it announces death, a battle, a …

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Festivals & Belief

The Oath Rings – sacred swearing-rings of the Vikings

A ring is a closed circle – no beginning, no end. No wonder the people of the North laid their most binding promises upon a ring. On the altar of the …

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Festivals & Belief

Fylgja & Hamingja - Following Spirit and Kin-Luck

The old Norse people did not think of a person as a sealed self inside a skin. A life involved more powers than that: a spirit that followed you, and …

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Festivals & Belief

Gandreið – The Witch-Ride Through the Norse Night

A word that tastes of cold air and carved staffs: Gandreið. The “magic ride” carries us to the dark frontier of Norse sorcery, to the place where the …

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Festivals & Belief

How the Germanic Peoples Honoured Their Dead

For our ancestors death was no taboo but a passage accompanied with care. They closed the dead one's eyes, made him ready for the last journey, drank …

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Festivals & Belief

The Old Germanic Feasts & Customs

The Germanic year knew no spring – only summer and winter. And its feasts followed the rhythm of field and war. Snorri names three great blóts; to …

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Festivals & Belief

Forgotten Germanic Month Names

January, February, March – these names are Roman, and late arrivals at that. Only between the 16th and 18th centuries did they finally win out here …

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Festivals & Belief

Grýla & the Jólasveinar – Iceland's Christmas Trolls

While elsewhere a round man with a reindeer sleigh rolls in, in Iceland thirteen troll boys come down from the mountains – and their mother keeps a …

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Festivals & Belief

How Do Heathens Celebrate Today? Blót and Sumbel Explained

A fire in the open, a drinking horn passed from hand to hand, a few words to gods and ancestors, and at the end a draught of mead poured into the …

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Festivals & Belief

Heathen Life-Feasts – Naming, Wedding, Farewell

A life has its great thresholds: the arrival of a child, the coming-together of two people, the farewell to a loved one. Heathen thought has a feast …

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Festivals & Belief

Jólakötturinn: Iceland's Yule Cat and the Art of Finishing on Time

There are cosier Christmas figures than a house-sized cat that prowls through the winter night to check who did not receive a new piece of clothing …

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Festivals & Belief

The Landvaettir - Spirits of the Land

Before a Viking ship glided toward home, the crew took the carved dragon-heads down from the prow. Not out of modesty, but out of consideration …

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Festivals & Belief

The Rauhnächte and Mother's Night

Between the years lies a time that ticks differently: the Rauhnächte, the Twelve Nights around the winter solstice. The world holds its breath, the …

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Festivals & Belief

The Sleeping Kings in the Mountain

Emperor Barbarossa sits in the Kyffhäuser, his head propped on the table, his beard grown through the stone slab, waiting until one day he returns …

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Festivals & Belief

The Solstice Festivals

The summer solstice is the longest day of the year – and was one of the great feasts of pagan Europe. Germanic peoples, Celts and Slavs celebrated it …

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Festivals & Belief

Bällsta & Anundshög – Thing and Cult Sites

The Vikings had no capitals, but they had places of power: sites where law was spoken, sacrifice made and the ancestors remembered. Two Swedish …

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Festivals & Belief

Þorri and Þorrablót: a winter feast that looks older than it is

In the middle of January, when the wind scours Iceland and the days have only just begun to lengthen again, Icelanders set a table with soured ram's …

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Festivals & Belief

The Tilberi – Iceland's Milk-Stealing Creature of Folk Magic

Through the long winters of Iceland's farmsteads ran a fear that had nothing to do with trolls or giants and everything to do with the neighbour next …

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